Evaluation of the role of plasma glycated CD59 and FRMD3 variants as predictors of diabetic nephropathy

Bhagatsingh Chinta; Sunethri Padma; Ranga Rao Ambati

Bhagatsingh Chinta Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology and Research (Deemed to be University), Vadlamudi, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
Sunethri Padma Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Mahabubabad, Telangana, India
Ranga Rao Ambati Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology and Research (Deemed to be University), Vadlamudi, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India

Keywords: diabetic nephropathy, plasma glycated CD59, FRMD3 gene polymorphisms, type 2 diabetes mellitus, microalbuminuria, kidney disease biomarker

Abstract

Plasma glycated CD59 (gCD59) is evaluated as a predictor for diabetic nephropathy (DN), and the association between FRMD3 gene mutations and DN susceptibility in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients is explored. This cross-sectional study included 320 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), divided equally into two groups: those with and without microalbuminuria. Plasma gCD59 levels were measured using a sandwich ELISA, and FRMD3 gene mutations were identified via PCR and Sanger sequencing. Statistical analyses assessed biomarker levels and their association with DN. Plasma gCD59 levels were significantly higher in patients with microalbuminuria (mean 711.27 pg/mL) compared to those without (mean 424.06 pg/mL). The G allele of the FRMD3 gene was more prevalent in DN patients (51.7% versus 41.2%), with the GG genotype showing a strong association with DN. Plasma gCD59 and FRMD3 gene polymorphisms are promising biomarkers for the early detection of DN in T2DM patients. Integrating these markers into routine clinical assessments may enhance early diagnosis and facilitate the development of personalized management strategies.