The effect of diet with administration of glycemic index and glycemic load on triglyceride levels of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Zuhria Ismawanti; Aryanti Setyaningsih; Oktavina Permatasari

Zuhria Ismawanti Department of Nutrition, Undergraduate Program, Kusuma Husada University, Surakarta, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4083-5048
Aryanti Setyaningsih Department of Nutrition, Undergraduate Program, Kusuma Husada University, Surakarta, Indonesia
Oktavina Permatasari Department of Nutrition, Undergraduate Program, ST.Elisabeth High School of Health Sciences, Semarang, Indonesia

Keywords: triglycerides, glycemic load, glycemic index

Abstract

In patients with diabetes mellitus, a carbohydrate metabolism disorder causes an increase in insulin to convert acetyl CoA into fat stores in adipose tissue and triglycerides in the liver. The glycemic load (GL) is the development of the glycemic index (GI), which can show the quality and quantity of carbohydrates consumed. Foods with a high glycemic load can increase blood sugar levels quickly so that they have the potential to accumulate body fat and trigger an increase in blood triglyceride levels. This shows a relationship between a glycemic load intake and an increase in triglyceride levels. The purpose was to analyze the effect of diet with the administration of glycemic index and glycemic load on triglyceride levels of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Quasi experiential study on 56 subjects who were given diet treatment with high GI, high GL (T-T), low GI with high GL (R-T), high GI, low GL (T-R), and low GI with low GL (R-R). Triglyceride levels were analyzed before and after the intervention. The results of the one-way ANOVA test showed a significant difference in triglyceride levels between the four groups (p<0.05). In conclusion, a glycemic load diet and low glycemic index reduce triglyceride levels.