Modulation of hyperglycemia and oxidative stress by purified fish proteins (Sardina pilchardus) in type 1 diabetic rats

  • Nora Benaicheta Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical and Metabolic Nutrition, University Oran 1, Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algeria
  • Zoheir Mellouk Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical and Metabolic Nutrition, University Oran 1, Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algeria
  • Malika Bouchenak Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical and Metabolic Nutrition, University Oran 1, Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algeria
  • Dalila Ait Yahia Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical and Metabolic Nutrition, University Oran 1, Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algeria
  • Farida Ouda Boukortt Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical and Metabolic Nutrition, University Oran 1, Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algeria
Keywords: antioxidant enzymes, carbonyls, nitric oxide, peroxidation, rats, sardine proteins, streptozotocin

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of purified fish proteins (Sardina pilchardus) on glycemia, serum lipids and redox status in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in rats by an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Diabetic rats were divided into two groups (n=6) and were fed, for 28 days, diets containing 20% casein (CAS) or sardine proteins (SP). The results showed that glycemia lowered since d14 by 22% and remained stable until d28, and HbA1c was reduced by 40% in SP vs. CAS. A significant decrease was noted in serum TC and TG concentrations with SP vs. CAS. In the SP group, TBARS lowered in serum, liver, kidney, heart and adipose tissue compared to the CAS group. The carbonyl concentration decreased in the liver, kidney and brain, with SP. Nitric oxide concentrations were diminished in the liver, kidney and adipose tissue, whereas the value increased in muscle (+56%). The SOD activity enhanced in the liver, kidney and adipose tissue. The same catalase activity was increased in the liver, kidney and heart in SP vs. CAS. SP has a beneficial effect on hyperglycemia. In addition, they have hypocholesterolemia and hypotriglyceridemic effects and attenuate oxidative stress.

Published
2023-09-30
How to Cite
Benaicheta, Nora, Zoheir Mellouk, Malika Bouchenak, Dalila Yahia, and Farida Boukortt. 2023. “Modulation of Hyperglycemia and Oxidative Stress by Purified Fish Proteins (Sardina Pilchardus) in Type 1 Diabetic Rats”. Romanian Journal of Diabetes Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases 30 (3), 336-44. https://rjdnmd.org/index.php/RJDNMD/article/view/1195.