Lasers in the management of oral complications in Diabetes Mellitus – A narrative review

  • Tannishtha Tannishtha Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Nitte (Deemed to be University), AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences (ABSMIDS), Mangalore, India
  • Renita Lorina Castelino Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Nitte (Deemed to be University), AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences (ABSMIDS), Mangalore, India
  • Gogineni Subhas Babu Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Nitte (Deemed to be University), AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences (ABSMIDS), Mangalore, India
  • Vidya Ajila Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Nitte (Deemed to be University), AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences (ABSMIDS), Mangalore, India
  • Deepthi Darwin Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Nitte (Deemed to be University), AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences (ABSMIDS), Mangalore, India
  • Shama Majalkare Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Nitte (Deemed to be University), AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences (ABSMIDS), Mangalore, India
Keywords: diabetes mellitus, lasers, oral medicine, photobiomodulation therapy, periodontitis

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a major global health issue that affects millions of individuals worldwide. Diabetes is known to affect various body systems, including the oral cavity and exerts a negative influence on human health. The oral complications of diabetes are diverse and affect various parts of the oral cavity, such as the oral mucosa, tongue, and periodontium. The pathogenesis of the oral disease secondary to diabetes is complex and involves various mechanisms such as impairment of neutrophil function, increased collagenase activity related to the microangiopathy of the mucosal blood vessels and neuropathic effects. The management of the oral condition is often challenging because of the underlying metabolic disorder. However, the advent of newer tools in healthcare, such as lasers, has shown excellent results in managing oral complications secondary to diabetes. Apart from being an excellent surgical tool, lasers are known to induce photobiomodulatory effects, resulting in effective pain management, repair and regeneration of the oral tissues.

Published
2023-09-30