Characteristics of metabolic homeostasis and hematological indicators in young women with menstrual disorders against the background of overweight and obesity

Abstract

Overweight and obesity are among the leading factors of menstrual dysfunction. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between clinical and metabolic indicators, hematological parameters and features of iron metabolism in young women with obesity and menstrual disorder. Assessment of anthropometric parameters and complex clinical and metabolic examination of 120 patients with menstrual dysfunction against the background of excess body weight (50 people – group 1), class I-II obesity (40 people – group 2) and normal body mass index (30 patients) aged from 18 to 35 years old, were carried out. The results of the study of carbohydrate metabolism, the levels of C-reactive protein, ferritin, hemogram parameters and biochemical indicators were analyzed analytically. It was found that a high body mass index (BMI) at a young age (up to 29 years) and a long smoking history are significant factors in the development of menstrual dysfunction such as oligo-hypomenorrhea, secondary amenorrhea and dysphoric premenstrual disorders. An elevated BMI, even in the case of a risk weight (overweight), is associated with an increase in the concentration of C-reactive protein, serum ferritin and insulin resistance index; the concentration of serum iron was also lower in the group of obese women. Characteristics of microcytic hypochromic anemia were found in a third of patients with obesity and menstrual dysfunction. Assessment of markers of systemic inflammation as a criterion for early detection of the progressive development of obesity is a relevant and promising direction for the optimization of preventive measures.