Structural changes in the myocardium under conditions of traumatic brain injury on the background of hyperglycemia
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a life-threatening injury and the leading cause of death and major disability across all ages. Another important modern medical problem is diabetes mellitus (DM). The study aimed to investigate the hearts of rats under the influence of traumatic brain injury with streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia. The study was conducted on 40 male rats weighing 180–220 g. DM was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (Sigma, USA). TBI was caused by the Impact Acceleration Model-free weight loss in the parieto-occipital area of the rat, according to the developed patent. The animals were removed from the experiment after 3 hours, 1 and 5 days after the inflicted TBI. Heart tissue was taken for histological studies. The sections obtained on a sled microtome were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, as well as Heidenhain. Dystrophic, destructive, and infiltrative processes occurred in the heart when simulating closed brain injury and brain injury on the background of diabetes. Under conditions of craniocerebral injury, they reached a maximum on the first day of the experiment and had stable positive dynamics on the fifth day. In the case of craniocerebral trauma in combination with diabetes, the progression of structural disorders was observed up to the fifth day from the beginning of the experiment. Non-specific morphological changes occur in the myocardium of animals with TBI, which are the morphological substrate of organ failure. The degree of structural changes in the heart against the background of diabetes has a more severe progressive nature due to the development of diabetic microangiopathy.