Changes in the cytokine profile in patients with a combination of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary heart disease and hepatic steatosis under conditions of obesity

Orest Komarytsia; Olena Radchenko; Myroslava Borovets; Larisa Strilchuk; Serhii Stadnik

Orest Komarytsia Department of Internal Medicine No.2, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
Olena Radchenko Department of Internal Medicine No.2, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
Myroslava Borovets Department of Internal Medicine No.2, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
Larisa Strilchuk Department of Internal Medicine No.2, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
Serhii Stadnik Department of Internal Medicine No.2, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine

Keywords: comorbidity of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, liver steatosis, leptin, resistin, selectin

Abstract

The problem of the cytokine balance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), arterial hypertension (AH), coronary heart disease (CHD) and hepatic steatosis (LS) requires further study. This study aims to evaluate the content of cytokines in patients with named diseases depending on obesity. We examined 24 outpatients and divided them into 3 groups (overweight, class I obesity, and class II obesity). In addition to standard examinations, the levels of insulin, C-peptide, glycated hemoglobin, oral glucose tolerance test, non-esterified fatty acids, leptin, resistin, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), selectin, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-2 were determined; triglyceride-glucose and leptin-resistin ratios, leptin-body mass and Castelli-I, -II indices were calculated. The cytokine profile in ObI was characterized by a significant increase in selection (181.5%; p=0.07) together with a decrease in IL-6 (59.3%, p>0.05) and TNFα (74.7%, p0.05), whereas in ObII - by an increase in leptin (219%, p<0.05) and IL-2 (122%, p>0.05), a slight decrease in increased selection (145%, p>0.05) compared to overweight group. We proposed formulas for cytokine profiles. In obese patients, cytokines correlated with transaminases, lipids, and T2DM, AH, and CHD duration. Cytokine profiles of patients with class I and II obesity are different, which can explain the obesity paradox; an exponential growth of leptin is observed in class II obesity.