THE AGGRESIVITY FACTORS AND THE ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE

Abstract

Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial disorder, among the traditional risk factors are: age, masculine sex, dyslipidaemia, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, sedentary, and abdominal obesity – clinical marker of hyperinsulinism, metabolic syndrome, unhealthy life style, heavy alcohol consumption, depression. The metabolic syndrome has been associated with a procoagulant state increasing circulation concentrations of fibrinogen and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and increasing atherogenic small, dense LDL particles. Insulin resistance itself predisposes to CHD, or gives rise to the other components, many of the clustered factors are associated with risk for atherosclerosis or thrombosis. Atherogenic dyslipidaemia is the combination of low quantities of HDL-col, elevated small dense LDL and plasma TG. Risk factors tend to cluster and interact together and induce the coronary heart disease (CHD), morbidity and mortality. Low saturated fat and cholesterol diet is the key lifestyle change required for decreasing LDL- col, and in addition a high-carbohydrate diet may dramatically increase triglyceride (TG). Vascular endothelium has a central place in pathogeny of atherosclerosis. itric oxide is the most potent endogenous vasodilatator. Changing the risk factors constitutes the major therapeutic objective in patients with or without clinical manifestations of atherosclerotic disorder.