1-Hour post-load glycemic value in risk population: a better tool for type 2 diabetes screening?

Abstract

Background and Aims: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease with a negative impact by decreasing the life quality and expectancy of patients. The PREDATORR study, which started in 2013 in our country showed double prevalence to previous data. In 2000, the World Health Organization drew attention to the fact that it is the first time that a non-infectious disease has become epidemic, replacing the major health problems of the last century. The study evaluates the usefulness of measuring one hour post-load blood glucose during an oral glucose tolerance test in T2DM risk population. Material and Method: The subjects included in the study were selected over a period of two years from the patients’ families of the Diabetes, Nutrition, and Metabolic Diseases Outpatient Unit of the “St. Andrew” Emergency Clinical County Hospital of Constanta. The assessment was made based on the risk score for diabetes (FIND RISC), anthropometric indices, and glucose metabolism parameters. The statistical analysis was performed in SPSS 27.0, STATA and Microsoft Excel. Results: The studied population consisted of 112 subjects, 38.4% being
included in the control group and 61.6% in the study group. In the analysis of risk factors present in the study group, pre-diabetes was identified in 36.2% of patients, exclusively characterized by impaired fasting glucose. The values of FIND RISC score were much higher in the study group than in the control group. The BMI was higher in the study group compared to the control group. In 65.8% of patients regarding basal glycemia and 80% regarding glycated hemoglobin, the values did not exceed the pathological threshold. In the study group, 1-hour post-load blood glucose identified more patients at risk for T2DM than 2-hour post-load glycemic value. Conclusions: Evaluation of glucose metabolism parameters through the oral glucose tolerance test may be useful in screening for T2DM and the measurement of 1-hour post-load blood glucose can be used successfully among patients at risk.