Intermittent fasting: a novel approach for managing type 2 diabetes: systematic review

Abstract

The prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) has escalated, positioning it as the ninth-leading cause of mortality. Unhealthy lifestyles contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease, including T2DM. This study aims to analyze the effects of intermittent fasting concerning T2DM, synthesizing findings from literature published between 2019 and 2024. Literature was gathered from Scopus, PubMed, and ScienceDirect, focusing on recent studies. Criteria were set to select relevant articles, resulting in the inclusion of 5 studies. The outcomes were analyzed to ascertain the impact of intermittent fasting on various parameters related to T2DM. Intermittent fasting demonstrated a significant effect on several factors associated with T2DM, including HbA1c levels, glucose tolerance, insulin dosage, HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance), LDL-C (Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol), MSS (Metabolic Syndrome Score), total leptin and cholesterol levels, HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol), βHB (beta-hydroxybutyrate), body weight, and other anthropometric measurements. The literature review suggests that intermittent fasting can effectively modulate multiple aspects of T2DM. It is proposed as a potential preventive measure for T2DM. However, it is advisable for individuals, especially those with diabetes, to seek medical consultation before adopting intermittent fasting as part of their lifestyle.